1. Directly plug into a serial interface and use a virtual terminal program to connect to a command-line interface.
2. Get the switch on the network and then use a virtual terminal over SSH to connect to the same command-line interface.
3. Get the switch on the network and use the switch's built-in Web interface.
4. You configure the default gateway by telling the switch the IP Address of the router.
5. Common to dedicate one port on every managed device as the management port.
   • Interface configuration can be done only by connecting to this port.
   • This is an example of out-of-band management.
6. In-band management
   • Well protected HTTPS/management URL
   • Telephone modem connected to console port